Special situations
Records reconstruction
When the original books are gone, incomplete, or unreliable, Finbryn's records reconstruction rebuilds a business's financial history in QuickBooks Online or Xero from bank, card and processor statements instead of the missing internal records. You get a reconstructed profit and loss and balance sheet for each affected period, with every assumption documented so a credentialed preparer or a lender can rely on the result.
Bank reconciliation summary
Illustrative client · August 2026
USD
| Account | Difference | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating account··4821 | 184,220.16 | 184,220.16 | 0.00 | Reconciled |
| Reserve account··0937 | 60,000.00 | 60,000.00 | 0.00 | Reconciled |
| Company card··1006 | (12,418.52) | (12,418.52) | 0.00 | Reconciled |
| Card processor clearing | 8,905.40 | 8,905.40 | 0.00 | Reconciled |
| Payroll clearing | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | Reconciled |
Last weekly runFri, Aug 28, every account agreed to its statement.
Two open itemsTwo card receipts requested from you, marked on the card account until they arrive.
Illustrative. An example of the document, not a client's figures.
Some businesses do not have a backlog problem so much as a records problem. A bookkeeper left without a handover. QuickBooks or Xero was set up years ago and never actually reconciled. Or years of transactions sit coded to a single "miscellaneous" account because nobody had time to sort them properly. We treat this as a reconstruction project rather than a cleanup, starting from primary sources, bank and card statements, payment-processor reports, vendor confirmations, prior filings, instead of trusting entries in a file that cannot be verified against anything external.
The IRS publishes specific guidance on reconstructing financial records after a loss, and the method holds even when the loss is a bad bookkeeper rather than a disaster: pull bank statements first, since deposits closely reflect what sales actually were for a given period; get copies of prior federal, state and local tax returns, including sales tax and payroll filings, to anchor known totals; request invoices from suppliers, dated back at least a year where possible, to rebuild inventory and cost history; and pull free IRS transcripts through Get Transcript where a prior return itself is missing. We apply that same sequence to a records-reconstruction engagement, adapted to your actual software and statement availability.
We rebuild a chart of accounts around how the business operates today, then map every transaction from the statements into it. Where an invoice or bill cannot be located, we note it as an estimate rather than presenting a guess as a fact. That distinction matters under US GAAP and matters even more to a preparer who has to sign a federal return based on the resulting numbers: a documented assumption is defensible, an unexplained one is not.
Foreign-owned single-member LLCs face a specific version of this problem. Form 5472 recordkeeping requirements are strict, and a gap in transaction records can turn into real exposure fast: failing to timely file Form 5472 or maintain the required records triggers an initial $25,000 penalty per related party, with an additional $25,000 for every 30-day period the failure continues past 90 days after an IRS notice, and no statutory cap on how high that can climb. We flag that risk early in a reconstruction rather than after a deadline has already passed.
This work often surfaces alongside a multi-year catch-up, particularly for a business that is also behind on filings, or ahead of a wind-down where the final books have to hold up on their own without anyone available afterward to explain a gap. Once the reconstruction is complete, ongoing bookkeeping runs the same way any engagement here does: reconciled monthly, closed early in the following month, reviewed by a senior reviewer before it reaches you.
What is included
Records reconstruction covers transaction history rebuilt directly from bank, card and processor statements, a chart of accounts reconstructed to match how the business actually operates, and missing invoices and bills sourced where possible, with clear notes where they cannot be found. You get a reconstructed profit and loss and balance sheet for each affected period, plus a documented list of assumptions and gaps a preparer or lender can review line by line. Nothing is presented as a verified fact when it is really an estimate; the two are labeled differently throughout.
Who this is for
This fits a business whose books were never usable in the first place, not one that simply fell behind on an otherwise sound file. Typical situations: a departing bookkeeper who left no handover notes, a QuickBooks or Xero file where months were entered but never reconciled to anything external, a founder who ran the business out of a personal account for a stretch, or an acquired entity whose target-company records turned out to be thinner than represented. If your books are basically sound and just behind, multi-year catch-up is usually the faster and less expensive path; reconstruction is for the case where the books themselves cannot be trusted.
How the process works
We start by inventorying what actually survives: bank and card statements, processor reports, prior tax filings, and any partial software file. Where a prior return is missing, we pull an IRS transcript rather than guess at a number that was already filed. From there we build a chart of accounts around the business as it runs today and map every statement transaction into it, period by period, cross-checking against prior filings where they exist so the reconstructed totals do not silently drift from what was already reported.
Common problems we fix
The recurring issues in a reconstruction engagement: years of transactions coded to one undifferentiated expense account, a QuickBooks or Xero subscription that was paid for but never actually reconciled, invoices and bills that exist nowhere except a vendor's own records, personal and business spending mixed in a single account with no memo trail, and a departed bookkeeper whose login and files are no longer accessible. Each of these gets addressed by rebuilding from the external statement rather than trying to salvage the internal entry.
Documenting assumptions and gaps
Every reconstruction produces gaps that cannot be closed with certainty: a missing invoice, a cash transaction with no receipt, a vendor who will not respond to a records request. Rather than filling those gaps silently, we log each one as an explicit assumption, with the basis for the estimate and what would change it. That log is the actual deliverable a lender or a credentialed preparer relies on, since it lets them decide how much weight to put on any specific figure rather than treating the whole reconstruction as equally certain.
Foreign-owned LLC exposure
A foreign-owned single-member US LLC with thin transaction records carries a specific risk that a domestically-owned business does not: Form 5472 recordkeeping and filing requirements are strict, and the penalty for failing to timely file or maintain records starts at $25,000 per related party and keeps climbing every 30 days past a 90-day IRS notice period, with no cap. Reconstruction work for one of these entities prioritizes closing that gap before the next filing deadline, not after.
What it costs
Records reconstruction is priced by how much source material survives and how many periods are affected, not as a flat fee, since a one-year gap with clean bank statements and a three-year gap with no surviving software file are very different amounts of work. Reference the published rate card on the pricing page for the ongoing monthly tier your volume will land in once the reconstruction is complete; the reconstruction fee itself is confirmed in writing after we review what statements and documents you actually have.
How we work
The process
- 1
Inventory what survives
We catalog every bank, card and processor statement, prior filing, and partial software file that still exists before deciding what needs rebuilding.
- 2
Pull external anchors
Where a prior return or filing is missing, we request an IRS transcript or state filing copy rather than reconstruct a number that was already reported.
- 3
Rebuild the chart of accounts
A chart of accounts is built to match how the business operates today, replacing any structure that no longer fits.
- 4
Map transactions period by period
Every statement transaction is mapped into the rebuilt chart of accounts, working one period at a time so errors do not compound silently.
- 5
Source missing documents
We request missing invoices and bills from vendors where a relationship still exists, and log what cannot be recovered.
- 6
Document assumptions and gaps
Every estimate is written into a documented list with its basis, distinct from figures confirmed against a statement.
- 7
Hand over reconciled periods
Completed periods move into ongoing monthly bookkeeping once the reconstruction for that stretch is finished.
Records reconstruction
Common problems we fix
The problem
How we fix it
- Years of transactions were coded to one undifferentiated expense account.We map every transaction from the statements into a properly built chart of accounts instead of trusting the old coding.
- A software subscription existed but was never actually reconciled.We treat the file as a starting point only and rebuild each period against the bank and card statements directly.
- Invoices and bills exist only in a vendor's records, not the business's own.We request copies from vendors where possible and log any that cannot be recovered as a documented gap.
- A departed bookkeeper's login and working files are no longer accessible.We rebuild from statements and filings that do not depend on that access at all.
- A foreign-owned LLC has thin records ahead of a Form 5472 deadline.We prioritize closing the recordkeeping gap and flag the timeline against the filing deadline immediately.
By the numbers
$25,000
Source: irs.gov/instructions/i5472, September 2026
1 year
Source: irs.gov/newsroom/reconstructing-records-after-a-natural-disaster-or-casualty-loss, September 2026
Pricing
Records reconstruction is priced by how much source material survives and how many periods are affected, not a flat fee. The rate card on the pricing page shows the ongoing monthly tier your volume will land in once reconstruction is complete; the reconstruction fee itself is confirmed in writing after we review your available statements and documents.
Records reconstruction
Glossary
- Primary source
- A bank, card, processor or filing record external to the business's own books, used to verify a transaction rather than trust an internal entry.
- Reconstruction
- Rebuilding financial history from external statements and documents when the original books are missing, incomplete or unreliable.
- Documented assumption
- An estimate used to fill a gap where a source document cannot be found, recorded with its basis so a reviewer can judge how much weight to give it.
- IRS transcript
- A free summary of a previously filed return obtained through the IRS Get Transcript service, used to anchor a reconstruction when the original filing copy is missing.
- Foreign-owned LLC
- A US single-member LLC owned by a non-US person, subject to Form 5472 information-reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
Questions
Frequently asked questions: Records reconstruction
What if some financial records are just gone?
We rebuild from whatever primary sources survive: bank and card statements, processor reports, vendor confirmations, and prior tax filings or IRS transcripts. Where a document cannot be found, we say so in the documented gap list rather than estimate silently.
Can reconstructed books support a late or amended tax filing?
Yes, that is usually the point. We build the reconstruction to a standard your credentialed preparer can rely on, and we flag every line that rests on an estimate rather than a source document.
How long does records reconstruction usually take?
It depends on how much source material survives and how many periods are affected. We scope a timeline after an initial review of what statements and documents are actually available.
What does records reconstruction actually include, month to month?
Transaction history is rebuilt directly from bank, card and processor statements, alongside a chart of accounts reconstructed to match how the business actually operates. The work runs inside QuickBooks Online, Xero, Dext or Hubdoc, the file stays under your own subscription, and a senior reviewer reviews the output before it reaches you.
What happens if invoices or bills cannot be recovered at all?
We log the gap in the documented assumptions list, note what we tried, and use the best available estimate from the surviving statements. The reconstruction never presents that estimate as a verified fact.
Why does a foreign-owned LLC face extra risk here?
Form 5472 recordkeeping requirements are strict, and the penalty for failing to timely file or maintain records starts at $25,000 per related party with no statutory cap on how high it can climb. We flag that exposure early rather than discover it at filing time.
Do you file an amended return once the reconstruction is done?
No. We prepare the reconstructed numbers; a credentialed signer or licensed filing partner decides whether an amended return is needed and files it.
What access do you need to start records reconstruction?
View or edit access to QuickBooks Online, Xero, Dext or Hubdoc is enough to begin, along with whatever bank, card or processor statement access you can grant. Nothing about your existing subscription or login changes on our side, and the exact scope is set out in your engagement letter.
What if some records are simply gone?
We work from what remains, bank and card statements, vendor confirmations, prior filings, and document every assumption we have to make.
Can reconstructed books support a tax filing?
Yes. We build them to a standard your credentialed preparer can rely on, and we flag anywhere the reconstruction is an estimate rather than a fact.
How is records reconstruction priced?
Pricing for records reconstruction depends on your transaction volume, the software you use, and how much cleanup is needed before ongoing work starts. Current ranges are published on the pricing page, and your exact fee is confirmed in writing before anything begins.
What software works with records reconstruction?
Records reconstruction runs inside QuickBooks Online or Xero, whichever you already use. If you are not yet set up in either, we can configure a file in your name so you keep ownership of it once the engagement is under way.
Related services
- Special situationsMulti-year catch-upBringing several years of unreconciled or missing books current in one structured engagement, scoped and timed before the work starts.
- Special situationsWind-down exit packA structured close-out of the books and records when a business is winding down or dissolving, so the final return, the final state filings and the exit itself all rest on numbers that reconcile.
- BookkeepingCatch-up and cleanup bookkeepingMonths or years of books brought up to date and reconciled, with a written record of every adjustment, so monthly bookkeeping can start from a clean base.
Industries
- Real estate and property managementBookkeeping for property owners and managers tracking income, expenses and reserves at the level of each individual property.
- Construction and job costingBookkeeping for contractors and builders who need cost and profitability tracked by job, not just by month.
- Professional servicesBookkeeping for professional service firms such as engineering, architecture and IT consulting billing clients by project or retainer.
Related guides
- TaxForm 5472 for Foreign-Owned LLCsForm 5472 and the pro forma 1120 for foreign-owned US LLCs: who must file, the $25,000 penalty, deadlines, EIN steps and reportable transactions.
- BookkeepingCatch-Up Bookkeeping: How to Fix Months or Years of Neglected BooksHow to triage neglected books, the documents you need, how reconstruction works, what to prioritize before a deadline, and what drives the cost.
- BookkeepingHow to Design a Chart of Accounts (With SaaS and Ecommerce Examples)How to number and structure a chart of accounts, with worked SaaS and ecommerce examples and the mistakes that force a costly rebuild later.
Sources
- [1]Instructions for Form 5472, September 2026
- [2]Reconstructing records after a natural disaster or casualty loss (IRS), September 2026
- [3]How long should I keep records? (IRS), September 2026
Next step
Talk to the team that would run your books
A short call covers your setup, your software and what a first month would look like. You get a written scope and price after it.
Need this in writing? Download a one to two page scope sheet for Records reconstruction: what is included, the process, and where pricing lives.
Download the scope sheet